{"id":7545,"date":"2025-08-13T13:22:04","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T13:22:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/?post_type=z_sali_sadowej&#038;p=7545"},"modified":"2025-08-13T13:25:07","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T13:25:07","slug":"atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu","status":"publish","type":"z_sali_sadowej","link":"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/en\/z_sali_sadowej\/atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu\/","title":{"rendered":"Driver&#039;s heart attack and liability under vehicle liability insurance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A heart attack or epilepsy in a driver does not usually exclude liability insurance in the event of damage caused to the vehicle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Legal basis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The liability of the vehicle owner (and therefore the third party liability insurer) for damage caused while driving the vehicle is based on <strong>risk principle<\/strong> (Article 436 \u00a71 of the Civil Code).<br>You can only free yourself if the damage has occurred <strong>only<\/strong> as a result of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>force majeure,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the sole fault of the injured party,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the exclusive fault of a third party for which the holder is not responsible.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Heart attack and &quot;force majeure&quot;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Higher power<\/strong> this event <strong>external<\/strong> of an extraordinary nature (e.g. flood, hurricane).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A heart attack has <strong>internal character<\/strong> \u2014 it results from the driver&#039;s health condition, so <strong>does not meet the criterion of &quot;externality&quot;<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Supreme Court ruled in the same way in cases involving strokes, fainting or seizures \u2013 they are not force majeure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Exception \u2013 absolute unpredictability<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Courts allow exclusion of liability when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>heart attack was <strong>the first episode in life<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>driver <strong>he had no symptoms or contraindications<\/strong> to drive a vehicle,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the event was <strong>sudden, completely unpredictable and inevitable<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, you can attempt to demonstrate that this event caused the damage and meets the criteria for exoneration. In practice, proving this is difficult\u2014you need strong medical documentation and expert opinions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Examples from case law<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Supreme Court, 9\/07\/1962, I CR 54\/62<\/strong> \u2013 driver illness (e.g. loss of consciousness) <strong>is not force majeure<\/strong>, because the source is internal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SA Katowice, 12\/06\/2014, V ACa 914\/13<\/strong> \u2013 the driver\u2019s fainting does not exempt him from liability unless it is proven to be completely unpredictable and there are no previous symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Supreme Court, 28\/02\/2020, II CSK 668\/18<\/strong> \u2013 the burden of proof of exoneration rests with the defendant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Application<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Heart attack <strong>in most cases it does not exclude liability under third party liability insurance<\/strong>.<br>The insurer usually pays compensation to the injured parties, and any disputes only concern recourse or exceptional situations when it is proven that the event was completely unforeseeable and not the fault of the insured.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A heart attack or epilepsy in a driver does not usually exclude liability insurance in the event of damage caused to the vehicle.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":7546,"template":"","class_list":["post-7545","z_sali_sadowej","type-z_sali_sadowej","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v23.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Atak serca kierowcy a odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107 z OC pojazdu - Galicja Brokers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/en\/z_sali_sadowej\/atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Atak serca kierowcy a odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107 z OC pojazdu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Atak serca czy padaczki u kierowcy z regu\u0142y nie wy\u0142\u0105cza odpowiedzialno\u015bci z ubezpieczenia OC w przypadku szkody wyrz\u0105dzonej pojazdem.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/en\/z_sali_sadowej\/atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Galicja Brokers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-08-13T13:25:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ChatGPT-Image-13-sie-2025-13_00_38.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/z_sali_sadowej\/atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/galicjabrokers.pl\/z_sali_sadowej\/atak-serca-kierowcy-a-odpowiedzialnosc-z-oc-pojazdu\/\",\"name\":\"Atak serca kierowcy a odpowiedzialno\u015b\u0107 z OC pojazdu - 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